Depends on what you want to use to do your analysis, but the short answer is not the way you'd like.
In QIIME, the primary implementation is ANCOM, which calculates a W statistic. Please check out this prior discussion around why the ANCOM W is not a P and ways to approach that.
An alternative is to use q2-gneiss, PhILR or Phylofactor (both in R) to get a split based on a partition in the data. But, that won't give you exactly what you want, either.