Seeking Advice for Building a Computer for Qiime2

[timanix (Timur Yergaliyev)]

Welcome to the forum!
I think this topic is quite covered already and one can find relevant topics by using "search" option on the forum, for example:
Link1
Link2
Link3

@Miseon

What are the recommended hardware specifications, including CPU, RAM, GPU, SSD, and any other relevant components, for efficiently handling microbial ecology analysis tasks?

I would go for at least 16 GB of RAM and SSD from 256 GB. The higher you can get the better it will be. With CPU I would go for at least 6 if you want to run something in multithreaded mode (with a cost of RAM).

@Miseon

Which component(s) of the computer's hardware specification are most crucial for optimizing microbial ecology analysis in Qiime 2?

RAM and SSD capacity - You can easily run out of RAM or storage for temporary files while running some heavy tasks or large datasets. But 30 samples should be acceptable.

@Miseon

Does the computer's hardware specification have a significant impact on the depth of analysis or the quality of results obtained from Qiime 2?

I guess it either can handle it or not, rather than the quality of the analyses will be dependent on the machine specs,

@Miseon

In general, how many hours or days should I expect to invest in processing a dataset of around 7GB with 15 to 30 samples using Qiime 2?

It depends on the most important component of any bioinformatical analysis - the one between the chair and the monitor. If you don't quite know yet what to do, it can take months, or a couple of days/weeks if you are experienced in the field and experimental design is simple.