Thanks for the welcome!
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Only a few QC steps were performed by the sequencing company, including throwing reads with too much adapter contamination. I don’t think this is the issue.
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I’ve confirmed that our reads were sequenced with a Novaseq and indeed have only 4 quality scores, 2, 11, 25, 37. I’ve come across this issue raised on GitHub. @benjjneb recommends enforcing monotonicity in the fitted error model by changing the error model matrix. I can comprehend how to do this in R, but I am running dada2 in the qiime framework on the command line and don’t know how to intercept this matrix when running the
qiime dada2 denoise-paired
step. Perhaps the solution is to export the qiime object and and run the dada2 steps independently, then import the data once denoised.
Guidance would be appreciated!