Welcome to the forum, @taka-aoki!
Detailed help for any QIIME 2 command can be accessed by activating a QIIME 2 environment, and entering qiime <plugin> <action> --help.
Try activating your QIIME 2 environment and entering qiime tools import --help, and see if that answers some of your questions.
There's more information on how import works in the importing tutorial. It's focused mostly on raw data imports, because most imports are raw data. It is, however, possible to import many different types (and formats) of data into QIIME 2.
Good luck!
Chris 
The docs, generally, are a good resource for understanding how QIIME 2 works and why. These two pages might also be useful.
Thank you very much for your time.
I'm sorry, my English is not good.
1.qiime tools import --help
2.importing tutorial
3.docs（Semantic Types、Core Concepts）
I read 1, 2 and 3.
"qiime tools import"
I couldn't find any sample data or tutorials to try the code if I put "SampleData[AlphaDiversity]" in the argument of "--type".
It has features, but no detailed procedure description??
Thanks for making an effort, @taka-aoki!
Because most people import raw data (not alpha diversity results), there is no specifically tailored example in our documentation. One way to get raw alpha diversity data would be to export that data from an available artifact which contains SampleData[AlphaDiversity], look at that data directly, and then experiment with re-importing it.
Try this:
Download an alpha diversity result from the Moving Pictures tutorial - for example, shannon-vector.qza
Run
qiime tools export \
--input-path shannon_vector.qza \
--output-path shannon_data_export
Open the resulting .tsv with your preferred tool (vim, nano, excel, sheets, etc.) to inspect its contents.
Use qiime tools import on the .tsv using the type you specified above.
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