When performing PERMANOVA in Qiime2, specifically in a situation with only two groups, which p-value should I report? The first one showing that a statistically significant difference was found or the q-value in the bottom (from the forum, I saw that this would be the corrected p-value). But, with only two groups, no adjustment would be required, correct?
I attached an example. Sometimes, the differences (with two groups) between the first (up) and the second (bottom) p-values are even greater.
Correct — and indeed p == q in your example since you have only 1 test.
In this particular case the difference is very small — it looks like it could even be due to something like rounding error differences between the all-group (top) and pairwise (bottom) permanova tests.
So just pick one — there is a negligible difference between the two.