If I understand correctly you want to keep only the features in trim-table.qza that are present in your filtered-seqs1.qza, and remove the rest. If so you can do the following:
qiime feature-table filter-features \
--i-table ./trim-table.qza \
--m-metadata-file ./filtered-seqs1.qza \
--o-filtered-table ./trim-table1.qza
You can apply --p-exclude-ids if you want to remove the IDs present in --m-metadata-file. The default is to keep the IDs.
Also you can use RESCRIPt to filter the taxonomy files and the sequences by length too. Check out the tutorial here:
Check out qiime rescript filter-taxa ... (I do not think it made it into the linked tutorial).
-Mike