There is no way to use fasta+qual files, but you did the right first step (this is an old format so we don't really intend to support direct importation of this format)
where are the barcodes?
- inline in the read
Use q2-cutadapt to demultiplex - in the fastq header lines
use other commands in qiime1 to create a separate barcode (maybe extract_barcodes.py) - in a separate fasta for which there are no qual scores
make fake qual scores for each barcode sequence. - you have no barcodes because this is one sample
import asSampleData[SequencesWithQuality]
orSampleData[PairedEndSequencesWithQuality]
format, which are for demultiplexed data, and proceed with denoising/otu clustering.
If the barcodes are in a different place, let us know.