# Input File for Adonis / PERMANOVA analysis in QIIME1

**URL:** https://forum.qiime2.org/t/input-file-for-adonis-permanova-analysis-in-qiime1/7184
**Category:** Other Bioinformatics Tools
**Tags:** group-significance
**Created:** [November 27, 2018, 5:04pm UTC](https://forum.qiime2.org/t/input-file-for-adonis-permanova-analysis-in-qiime1/7184 "2018-11-27T17:04:34Z")
**Posts on this page:** 3
**Page:** 1

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### Author: ![LVC](https://forum.qiime2.org/letter_avatar_proxy/v4/letter/l/8edcca/32.png) [@LVC](https://forum.qiime2.org/u/LVC)
#### Post date: [November 27, 2018, 5:04pm UTC](https://forum.qiime2.org/t/input-file-for-adonis-permanova-analysis-in-qiime1/7184/1 "2018-11-27T17:04:34Z")

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I would like to perform an Adonis / PERMANOVA test on my data. Adonis is more suited to be dataset as I have both continuous and categorical information however, understanding how to perform a PERMANOVA should also help me achieve what I need to do for Adonis. I think I understand the theory and would like to first perform an Adonis in QIIME and then in R. However, I am a bit confused as to what the input matrix for the command is.  
eg. in QIIME1 the script used would be compare\_categories.py [compare\_categories.py – Analyzes statistical significance of sample groupings using distance matrices — Homepage](http://qiime.org/scripts/compare_categories.html)

This is the definition given for the input file: -i, --input\_dmThe input distance matrix. WARNING: Only symmetric, hollow distance matrices may be used as input. Asymmetric distance matrices, such as those obtained by the UniFrac Gain metric (i.e. beta\_diversity.py -m unifrac\_g), should not be used as input

I am not sure what the difference is between a symmetric, hollow distance matrix and an asymmetric distance matrix. If anyone would be able to help explain this is simple terms or visually it would be very much appreciated. I just want to make sure that I correctly input the data to the results are valid. The only distance matrices I think I have were created by beta\_diversity.py.

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### Author: ![haines.241](https://forum.qiime2.org/letter_avatar_proxy/v4/letter/h/e8c25b/32.png) [@haines.241](https://forum.qiime2.org/u/haines.241)
#### Post date: [June 10, 2019, 8:43pm UTC](https://forum.qiime2.org/t/input-file-for-adonis-permanova-analysis-in-qiime1/7184/2 "2019-06-10T20:43:46Z")

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I have the same question. Was this ever answered for you?

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### Author: ![Negin](https://forum.qiime2.org/user_avatar/forum.qiime2.org/negin/32/5030_2.png) [@Negin](https://forum.qiime2.org/u/Negin)
#### Post date: [September 8, 2019, 7:24pm UTC](https://forum.qiime2.org/t/input-file-for-adonis-permanova-analysis-in-qiime1/7184/3 "2019-09-08T19:24:09Z")

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Yeah guys anyone can please respond to this question? I keep getting error trying to run adonis in R. So the reason that I am trying to do this is because R gives more info. about the analysis and I have been asked by my committee to do this to get that info. I think my input file is the problem but can't figure out how to format it to run adonis successfully in R.